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The control of the thyroid gland involves feedback mechanisms through the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and the thyroid itself. Thus, the HRT (hormone release of thyrotrophic) secreted by the hypothalamus, addresses the anterior pituitary gland stimulating the production and secretion of TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone), which in turn acts on the thyroid gland stimulating the secretion of thyroid hormones. The circulating hormone may negatively feedback the pituitary and Ultimate Flora hypothalamus, suspending the secretion of TSH. This feedback mechanism allows precise control of the secretion of the hormone tireóide.2,6 Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are characterized by dysfunction of the thyroid gland that produces thyroid hormones in serum adequados1,2,4 levels due to structural changes or functional in the hypothalamicpituitarythyroid axis. This endocrine disorder can also occur due to the dysfunction of regulatory hormones T3 and T4 secretion such as TRH and TSH.1, 2

A series of body changes is associated with impaired thyroid gland. The complete absence of thyroid secretion usually causes a drop in basal metabolic rate of 30 to 40%, and large excess of thyroid secretion cause an increase in basal metabolic rate up to +60 to +100% .6

Thyroid hormones influence bone metabolism, controlling, differently, desorption and óssea.7 affixing this way, both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, in addition to having unique characteristics as a function of the endocrine disorder, can lead to bone abnormalities in the complex maxillofacial, which can increase the risk of this fraturas.8

, changes associated with such disorders deserve the attention of the dentist so that it can contribute to the diagnosis and early intervention of this pathology.

HYPOTHYROIDISM

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